4020410-FLUID MECHANICS AND FLUID POWER
IV-Semester Mechanical Engineering (N-Scheme)
IMPORTANT 7 & 14 MARKS
QUESTIONS
UNIT-I
Properties of
Fluids, Pressure of Fluids & Pressure Measurement
1.
Explain the working of a hydraulic jack with a line diagram.(October 2017, 2016, 2014, 2008, 2009, April 2019, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2010)
2.
(i) Explain the working of a hydraulic
press with a line diagram.
(October 2017, 2016, 2014, 2008, 2009, April 2017, 2016, 2015,
2014, 2010)
3. Explain
Bourdon’s type pressure gauge. (April
2006, 2010, 2011, October 2019, 2017)
4. State and prove Pascal’s
law. (April 2014, October
2015, 2013, 2008,
2004)
5. Explain the term atmospheric pressure, gauge pressure
and vacuum pressure. (April 2017)
6. A gauge
fitted to a gas cylinder records a pressure of 5kN/m2 vacuum. Compute the corresponding
absolute pressure in (i)kN/m2 and
(ii)Meter of water. The local atmospheric pressure is 700mm of Hg. (December
2020)
7. The pressure
of water in a pipe line was measured by means of simple manometer containing mercury. The mercury
level in the open tube is 165mm higher
than that of the left tube. The height of water in the left tube is 45mm. Determine the static pressure
in the pipe
in (1) Head of water in metres and (2) kN/m2. (December
2020)
8. An U-tube
manometer containing mercury has its right limb open to atmosphere. The left
limb is full of water
and is connected to a pipe
containing water under
pressure, the centre
of which is in level with the free surface of mercury. The difference of levels of mercury in the
limbs is 5 cm (or) 50mm. calculate the pressure of water in the pipe. (October
2018, 2007, 2002, 1991)
[Answer: p = 6.1803 kN/m2, h = 0.63 m of water]
9. The vacuum
pressure in pipeline carrying water was measured by a U-tube manometer. The difference of mercury between
the limbs is 0.05 m and the free surface
of mercury in the limb is 0.1 below the centre line of the
pipe. Find the pressure in the pipe in absolute units in terms of water. (October 2019, April 2010)
10. An inverted
U-tube differential manometer is connected to measure the difference of
pressure between two points of horizontal pipe line carrying water. The gauging
liquid is an oil of specific gravity
0.8. find the difference of pressures, if the manometer is 0.4m.
11. A simple
u-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure of water in pipeline.
The mercury level in the open tube is 70mm higher than that on the left tube. The height of water
in the left tune is 50mm. find the pressure
in the pipe in (a) metre of water (b) kN/m2.
12.
An U-tube differential manometer connects two pressure
pipe A and B. the pipe A contains carbon tetra-chloride having a specific
gravity if 1.5 under a pressure of 100 kN/m2. The pipe B contains oil of specific gravity of
0.8 under a pressure of 200 kN/m2. The pipe
A lies 3 meters above pipe B. The centre of the pipe B is at the level of
mercury in the limb which connects the pipe A. Find the difference in the levels
of mercury.
13. A
differential manometer connected to two pipes reads 0.25m of mercury. Water
flows through one pipe and oil through the other. Find the pressure
difference between two pipes,
if the level of pipes is same. The pressure
of water is greater than the pressure
of oil and the height of water column
from the centre
of the pipe is 0.45m.
take relative density
of oil is 0.8. (April 2018)
UNIT-II
(FLUID FLOW, FLOW THROUGH PIPES &
IMPACT OF JET)
7 & 14
Marks
1.
Derive Darcy-Weisbach equation
for the loss of head due to friction in pipes.(October
2019, 2005)
2. Derive Chezy’s
formula for the loss of head due to friction
pipe. (April 2019, 2017)
3. Derive and expression for the discharge through venturimeter (April 2011, October 2016)
4. An oil of specific
gravity 0.9 is flowing through
a venturimeter having inlet diameter
200 mm and throat diameter 100 mm. the oil mercury
differential manometer shows a reading
of 200 mm.
calculate the discharge
of oil through the horizontal venturimeter. Take Cd as 0.98.(FEB 2022, October 2009, 2007, April 2005, 1987) [Answer:
Q = 0.05915 m3/s]
5. A vertical
tapering pipe of 1.75m long discharges 0.03 m3/s of water. The pie tapers from 150mm at top to 75mm
diameter at bottom. Calculate the difference of pressure between the top and
bottom of the pipe. (December 2020)
6. A
venturimeter is connected to vertical pipe line carrying water. The inlet and
throat diameters are 200 mm and 100 mm respectively. The differential manometer
connected to the inlet and throat of venturimeter gives a reading of 250 mm.
determine the rate of discharge of water in litres
per second, if Cd is 0.98. (October 2019, April 2006) [Answer: Q
= 62.4618 lps]
7. A pipe line
is carrying water. At a point A in the pipe line the diameter is 600 mm, the
pressure is 70 kN/m2 and the velocity is 2.4 m/sec. at another
point B in the same pipe which is
2 m higher than A, the diameter is 300 mm and
the pressure is 14 kN/m2. Determine
the direction of flow.
(October 2014, 2013, 2005, April 2019)
[Answer: B to A]
8. Water is
supplied to a polytechnic campus having 3600 students from a reservoir which is built
6.8 km away from the campus. Each student required
265 litres of water per day. Half of
the daily requirement is pumped
in 7 hours. The diameter
of the water supply pipe is 175mm. Determine the loss of head due to friction, if f=0.008.(December 2022)
9. Compare the
velocities of flow of water in two pipes of diameter 160mm and 220mm respectively, when
the loss of head due to fiction, length of pipe
and the value
of ‘f’ are same for each pipe. (April 2017)
10.
The ratio between
the length and diameter of the pipe is 600. Determine the head lost due to friction using Chezy’s formula,
when the velocity
of water is 5 m/s. take Chezy’s
constant as
98. (October 2018, 2015) [Answer: hf = 6.24739 m of water]
11. Two reservoirs are connected by a pipe line of length 500m. The difference in level between the reservoirs is 10 m. if the maximum
discharge is 0.2 m3/s, calculate the required size of the pipe. Assume f = 0.005. (April 2018, 2014, 1992, October 2017,
2002) [Answer: d = 0.31905m = 319.05 mm]
12.A jet of water 75mm diameter moves with a velocity of 15m/sec and strikes a series of vanes moving with a velocity of 10m/sec. find (a) the force exerted (b) work done per second and
(c) efficiency.(April 2015)
13.Find the force
exerted by a 5 cm diameter jet directed against
a flat plate held normal
to the direction of the
jet, when the jet velocity
is 40 m/s and the
plate is stationary. (October 2019, 2005, 2004, 1991) [ Answer: F = 3.1416
kN]
14.A jet of water 80 mm diameter
moves with a velocity of 15 m/s and strikes
a series of vanes
moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. find (a) the force
exerted by the jet (b)
work done by the jet and
(c) efficiency of the jet. (Model-II,
April 2012, 2016, October 2017, 2003) [Answer:
F
= 0.3169125 kN, WD = 3.769125 kNm/s, η = 44.444%)
UNIT-III
(HYDRAULIC TURBINES, CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS &
RECIPROCATING PUMPS)
7 & 14 Marks
1. Explain with a neat sketch,
the working of pelton turbine (April
2019, 2015, 2003, 2009, 2012, October 2017, 2015, 2000, 2007)
2.
Explain the working
of impulse turbine
with a neat sketch. (FEB 2022,
April 2017)
3. Explain with a neat sketch,
the working of Kaplan turbine (April
2002, 2005, 2008, 2014, October 2018, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2008)
4. What are the difference
between impulse turbine and reaction turbine? (April 2014, 2008, 2011, October 2018, 2000, 2006)
5.
Explain the construction and working of a Francis
turbine. (April 2007, 2010,
October 2019, 2014, 2013,
2005, 2009)
6.
What are surge tank? Name different types surge tanks. Explain their functions. (April 2018, 2008, October 2007)
7.
State the conditions under which how centrifugal pumps can be connected (i) in series
(ii) in parallel. (October 2018, April 2004, 2006)
8. What is an air vessel? State
the functions of air vessel.(or) Explain with a neat sketch about the construction and working of air vessel.
(April 2018, 2006, 2008)
9. Explain any one type of
casting of a centrifugal pump. (December
2020, October 2015, 2001, 2006, April 2017,
2005)
10.A double
acting reciprocating pump has a stroke of 280mm and a piston diameter of 130mm. The centre of the pump is 4m above the level of water in the pump and 30m below
the delivery valve. If the pump is working at 60 rpm and efficiency is 75%.
Determine the power required. (February
2022)
11.A single
acting reciprocating pump has a plunger diameter of 250mm and stroke of 350mm.
if the speed of the pump is 60rpm and it delivers
0.0165m3 per second of water;
find the co- efficient of discharge, the slip and the percentage slip of the pump. (October 2014)
12.The piston
of a single acting pump has a diameter of 100 mm and a stroke of 200 mm. the
pump is used to raise the water to a height of 20 metres when it is running at
50 rpm. Calculate it theoretical discharge and the power required
by the pump if its efficiency is 90%. (April 2016, October
2005) [Answer: Qt =
0.001309 m3/s, P = 0.2853
kW]
13.A single acting pump has piston of 150 mm
diameter and stroke 250 mm. the crank rotates at 60 rpm. The total head is 20 m. the actual discharge
is 0.004 m3/s. find (i) the percentage
slip and (ii) the theoretical power required to drive the pump. (October 2002, April 2015, 1992) [Answer:
Slip = 9.46%, P = 0.867 kW]
UNIT-IV
HYDRAULICS SYSTEMS
7 & 14
Marks
1.
Explain the hydraulic
circuit with ISO symbols, for the table movement of a surface
grinding machine. (October 2002,
2006, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, April 2007, 2010, 2011, FEB 2022)
2.
Explain the hydraulic
circuit with ISO symbols, for the table movement of a milling
machine.
(December 2020, April 2017, 2016, 2014)
3.
With a neat sketch explain the construction and operation of 4/2 and
4/3 DCV used in hydraulic systems. (February
2022)
4. Explain the working of a pressure
intensifier with a neat sketch.
Where it is used? (December
2020, October 2010, 2013, April 2019).
5.
Explain the working
of external gear pump. (December 2020)
6.
Explain about the different types of directional
control valves with neat sketches. (April
2018)
7.
Draw a neat sketch and explain the working of a radial
piston pump. (April 2009, October 2018,
2017, 2013, 2015)
8.
Describe the working
of a vane pump with a neat sketch. (April 2010, 2016, October
2019).
9.
Explain the spring loaded accumulator, (April 2019, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2012,
October 2017, 2015, 2014, 2011)
10. Explain the hydraulic circuit with ISO symbols for quick return motion of a shaping machine.
(October 2005, 2008, 2012,2015, 2014, 2015, April 2018, 2015, 2012, Model-I, Model-II)
11.Explain any one type of accumulator with
neat sketch. [October 2019,
2016, April 2016]
12.Explain the working
of internal gear pump. [October 2014,
2004, 2002, April
2019, 2017]
13.Explain the working
of a bladder type accumulator. [April 2017]
UNIT-V
PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS
7 & 14 Marks
1. Draw and explain the operation of a double
acting cylinder with metering in control. (Model-
II, April 2017, 2005, 2006,
2009,2015, October 2019, 2016, 2014,
2002, FEB 2022)
2. Draw the
circuit diagram for the operation of a double acting cylinder with metering out
control. (October 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2015, 2018, April
2011)
3. Draw the
circuit diagram for the direct control of single acting cylinder and explain. (April 2019, 2018, 2010, October
2017, FEB 2022)
4.
Explain the working
of [pressure relief valve (or) pressure
reducing valve] with a neat sketch.
(December 2020, April 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014)
5. (i) State the function
of flow control
valves and explain
any one type with a neat sketch. (ii) Explain the working of a shuttle
valve with a neat sketch. (December
2022, April 2016, 2015, 2012, October 2015, 2014, 2011)
6. What is pneumatic system?
Explain the main elements of the system with a sketch.
(October 2018)
7. Draw a pneumatic circuit
for the automatic operation of a double
acting cylinder and explain
the circuit. (October 2005, 2007, 2008, Model-I, April 2019, 2017, 2016)
8. Explain with a pneumatic circuit
the use of quick exhaust
valve. (April 2014, October
2019, 2016, 2015, 2010, 2009)
9. Explain about FRL unit with neat sketch. [October 2019, 2016, 2006, April 2016]
10. Explain the working of 5/3 DCV with neat sketch. [April 2016]
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